Актив и пассив в английском языке упражнения. Употребление пассивного залога. Passive Voice: упражнения

Из фильмов на английском посмотрели. Если нужно освежить память, рекомендую прогуляться по ссылкам.

А если память свежа как майская роза, давайте делать упражнения на Passive Voice. Упражнения охватывают большинство форм и конструкций пассивного залога - от простых до продвинутых.

Приступим?

Passive Voice: упражнения

Упражнение 1

Задача этого (простого!) упражнения на Passive Voice - немного вспомнить правила. Совместите фразу в активном залоге со фразой в пассивном залоге.

• I do it
• I did it
• I am doing it
• I was doing it
• I have done it
• I have been doing it
• I had done it
• I will do it
• I will be doing it
• I will have done it
• I am going to do it
• I need to do it
• I can do it

• It has been done
• It can be done
• It is done
• It has been being done
• It needs to be done
• It will be being done
• It is being done
• It is going to be done
• It was being done
• It was done
• It will have been done
• It will be done
• It had been done

Упражнение 2

Цель этого упражнения на Passive Voice - вспомнить разные формы пассивного залога. Перефразируйте предложения из активного в пассивный залог. Время менять не нужно.

Сокращения (can"t, haven"t и другие) можно использовать там, где они есть в основном предложении. Например:

• Nobody has told me about the party - I have not been told about the party
• Nobody"s told me about the party - I haven"t been told about the party

1. Dangerous driving causes a lot of accidents.

A lot of accidents are caused by dangerous driving.

2. When we got to the stadium, we found out that they had cancelled the match.

When we got to the stadium, we found out that the match had been cancelled .

3. They are building a new road around the city.

A new road around the city is being built .

4. His boss has finally promoted him.

He has finally been promoted .

5. How do people learn languages?

How are languages learnt;learned ?

6. You need to feed the cat twice a day.

The cat needs to be fed twice a day.

7. Nobody told me about the meeting.

I was not told about the meeting.

8. We can’t solve the problem.

The problem can"t be solved .

9. They aren’t going to broadcast Madonna’s concert.

Madonna’s concert isn"t going to be broadcast .

10. You must lock the doors at the end of the day.

The doors must be locked at the end of the day.

11. Nobody"s cleaned the windows for several weeks.

The windows haven"t been cleaned for several weeks.

12. The mechanic is repairing my car at the moment.

My car is being repaired .

13. Different experts have written thousands of books about time management.

Thousands of books have been written about time management.

14. My new camera was faulty so the shop gave me a full refund.

My new camera was faulty so I was given a full refund.

15. The authorities have to build more playgrounds.

More playgrounds have to be built .

Check

Упражнение 3

А в этом упражнении на Passive Voice нужно выбрать подходящую форму пассивного залога в зависимости от контекста.

1. The last time I was in the city center, the whole area ________. is renovated;is being renovated;was renovated;was being renovated 4 2. According to the plan, the old buildings ________ next month. is going to be knocked down;are going to be knocked down;will be knocked down;are knocked down 2 3. The painting you’re looking at now is quite remarkable. It ________ 5 times! is stolen;was stolen;has been stolen;has been being stolen 3 4. - Did you go to the party? – No, ________. I’m not invited;I wasn’t invited;I wasn’t being invited;I haven’t been invited 2 5. How ________ this word ________? are;is;have;has 2 pronounced;being pronounced;been pronounced;been being pronounced 1 6. It’s a huge international corporation. Thousands of people ________ there. were employed;are employed;are being employed;have been employed 2 7. He ________ three months ago and has been unemployed ever since. had been fired;has been fired;was fired;is fired 3 8. When ________ this picture ________? is;was;has;have 2 being taken;been taken;been being taken;taken 4 9. I had to spend the night in the airport because my flight ________. is delayed;was delayed;has been delayed;had been delayed 4 10. The situation is serious. Something ________ before it’s too late. must be done;can"t be done;will be done;has been done 1 11. Please, go away. I ________ alone. I’m left;I shouldn"t be left;I want to be left;I hate being left 3 12. ________ you ever ________ by a dog? was;were;has;have 4 been bitten;being bitten;been being bitten;bitten 1 13. There’s somebody behind us. I think we ________. are followed;are being followed;were being followed;have been followed 2 14. How many times ________ you ________ not to do this? are;were;have;will 3 be told;been told;being told;been being told 2 15. I don’t like ________ what to do. be told;been told;been being told;being told 4 16. It’s a mystery. It ________. can be explained;has been explained;is explained;can’t be explained 4 17. The TV ________. It’s working again now. is being repaired;is repaired;has been repaired;was repaired 3

Упражнение 4

В этом упражнении перефразируйте предложения, например:

• People believe that coffee increases blood pressure (COFFEE)
• Coffee is believed to increase blood pressure.

1. People say he is 109 years old (HE) He is said to be 109 years old. 2. The police think that the robber is wearing a baseball cap (THE ROBBER) The robber is thought to be wearing a baseball cap. 3. Everybody expects the strike to end soon (THE STRIKE) The strike is expected to end soon. 4. The newspaper reports that two people were injured in the accident last night (TWO PEOPLE) Two people are reported to have been injured in the accident last night. 5. People believe that there is a secret tunnel between Moscow and Saint Petersburg (THERE) There is believed to be a secret tunnel between Moscow and Saint Petersburg. 6. Scientists predict that climate change will affect all parts of the world (CLIMATE CHANGE) Climate change is predicted to affect all parts of the world. 7. They say the company is losing a lot of money (THE COMPANY) The company is said to be losing a lot of money. 8. People believe he is very rich (HE) He is believed to be very rich. 9. Historians believe the Chinese invented paper (THE CHINESE) The Chinese are believed to have invented paper. 10. The police think the thieves entered the house through an open window (THE THIEVES) The thieves are thought to have entered the house through an open window.

Упражнение 5

Ура, картинки!)) Цель этого упражнения на Passive Voice - вспомнить разницу между:

• I"m taking a picture
• I"m having my picture taken

He is He is He is He is He is He is She is She is You need to You need to She is They are

having his car repaired repairing his car cleaning his suit having his suit cleaned having the tree cut down cutting down the tree cutting her hair having her hair cut have your blood pressure checked check your blood pressure having the house painted painting the house

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Check

Сделали упражнения на Passive Voice?

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Для начинающих предлагаю закрепить тему Passive Voice (в простых временах) и выполнить 10 упражнений для начинающих . Изучить тему

Для начала проверьте себя и переведите на английский язык предложение.

Passive Voice. Упражнения для начинающих

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык.

1. Breakfast was cooked by our mother.
2. The new rule was explained to us at the English lesson.
3. The story was written by Chekhov.
4. This sports centre was visited by lots of people.
5. This sports game is often played at P.E. lessons.
6. The ball was thrown over the fence.
7. The boxer was knocked down.
8. I was born in Moscow.
9. They will be trained by a famous coach.
10. I will be sent to the competition.

Упражнение 2. Выберите правильный вариант и переведите на русский язык.

1. The news programme ( is watched / watched ) by millions of people every day.
2. The Mona Liza (painted / was painted) by Leonardo da Vinchi.
3. The new cinema (be built / will be built ) next year.
4. New pop groups ( are much spoken / is much spoken ) about among teenagers.
5. Alexander Pushkin’s first poem ( was written / written) when he was fourteen.
6. The letters (be sent / will be sent ) by post tomorrow.
7. The translation (was finished / were finished ) two hours ago.
8. London (visited / is visited) by hundreds of tourists every year.
9. The dinner (be / will be) ready in an hour (через час).
10. The dogs (were taken out/ was taken out) three times yesterday.

Упражнение 3.

1. Tom always (to ask) at the lessons.
2. I (to ask) at the last lesson.
3. Our country house (to finish) next year.
4. The dog (to find) by my sister yesterday.
5. This work (to do) tomorrow.
6. This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
7. These trees (to plant) every autumn.
8. Many interesting games always (to play) at our P.E. lessons.
9. This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow.
10. We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. My question (to answer) yesterday. 2. Hockey (to play) in winter. 3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn. 4. Many houses (to burn) during the war. 5. His new book (to finish) next year. 6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets. 7. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.8. Bread (to eat) every day. 9. The letter (to receive) yesterday. 10. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week. 11. I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday. 12. Many houses (to build) in our town every year.

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующуюся форму глагола.

1. At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel agency. 2. She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs. 3. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room. 4. Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift. 5. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloakroom downstairs. 6. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs. 7. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel. 8. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum.

Упражнение 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Present Perfect, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Future Simple. Используйте Активный и Пассивный залог.

1. The house ____________(to build) in 2020.
2. The boy _________ (not to hear) the news yet.
3. The Brooks ___________(to become) famous last year.
4. Money _____________(to keep) in the bank.
5. The parcel __________(to send) yesterday.
6. I would like ________________(to know) English very well.
7. Where _________the road _______(to lead) to?
8. Look! The leaves _______________(to fall).
9. All the money ___________(to spend) on clothes last week.
10. The pie has gone! Who _________(to eat) it?

Упражнение 7. Переведите на английский язык

1. Детей наказывают…. — Детей наказали… — Детей накажут…. (punish)
2. Хлеб едят… — Хлеб съели… — Хлеб съедят…
3. Розы выращивают… — Розы вырастили… — Розы вырастят… (grow)
4. Картину рисуют… — Картину нарисовали… — Картину нарисуют… (paint)
5. Обо мне говорят. — Обо мне говорили. — Обо мне будут говорить. (talk about)
6. О нас забывают — О нас забыли…. — О нас забудут… (forget)

В пассивном залоге в английском предложении предлог ставится в конец.

ПРИМЕР. За доктором послали. — The doctor was sent for.

Упражнение 8. Переделайте предложения из активного залога в пассивный.

1. We learn English. —
2. The teacher asked the students a question. —
3. They told me about the accident. —
4. We will find our pets. —
5. Next year we will learn French. —
6. The teacher asked her a question. —
7. I take my dog out every day. —

Упражнение 9.

• хвалить — praise
• рассказывать — tell

1. Я всегда хвалю моих друзей. 2. Меня всегда хвалят дома. 3. Каждую субботу папа показывает дедушке мои оценки. 4. Каждую субботу папе показывают мои оценки. 5. Мы часто вспоминаем вас. 6. Нас часто вспоминают в деревне. 7. Мне дают сок каждое утро. 8. Каждое утро я даю кошке молоко. 9. Он каждый день рассказывает нам что-нибудь интересное. 10. Ему каждый день рассказывают что-нибудь интересное.

Упражнение 10. (из пособия «Грамматика. Сборник упражнений. Ю. Голицынский)
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple Active или Present Simple Passive.

1. Я часто посылаю письма друзьям. 2. Меня часто приглашают в кино. 3. Моей сестре часто помогают в школе. 4. Я иногда забываю взять проездную карточку. 5. Он пишет много писем. 6. Собаки любят кости. 7. Собак любят во многих семьях. 8. Когда в вашей семье пьют чай? 9. Почему эти правила всегда забывают? 10. Почему вы всегда забываете эти правила? 12. Где живут ваши друзья? 13. Где покупают хлеб? 14. Когда задают вопросы?

Упражнение 11. (из пособия «Грамматика. Сборник упражнений. Ю. Голицынский)
Переделайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice. Начните с выделенного слова.

ОБРАЗЕЦ. Mother waters the flowers in the evening. - The flowers are watered in the evening (by Mother).

1. Irene’s husband brought her some beautiful shells from the south. 2. The explorers gave the newspaper reporters a long interview. 3. Mr. Wilson will teach you English. 4. Tom gave Nick a book for his birthday. 5. Our mother tells us stories every evening. 6. Lydia will show you a new book of pictures. 7. A boy showed her the way. 8. They will send us a box of fruit. 9. Five or six small children followed them . 10. We will do the translation in the evening.

{ "proleed_data_link" : "https://www.proleed.ru/loadads.jsp?partner=naweb808a5&adscount=3&mainfilter=ENGLISH&secfilter=", "proleed_block_type" : "horizontal", "proleed_title_size" : 16, "proleed_title_color" : "#0000cb", "proleed_message_size" : 14, "proleed_message_color": "#000000", "proleed_partner_size" : 14, "proleed_partner_color": "#006500" }

Упражнение 1.

Passive Voice .

1. They teach three foreign languages at this school.

2. We received this letter after his departure.

3. Have dogs ever attacked you?

4. Bees gather honey from flowers.

5. The storm drove the ship against a rock.

6. Who discovered the circulation of blood?

7. They are selling delicious fruit ice cream there now.

8. The old man showed us the way out of the wood.

9. They offered her some interesting work.

10. The doctor prescribed her new medicine.

11. They don’t think much of him.

12. Everybody laughed at this funny animal.

13. We have been looking for you the whole morning.

14. We shall insist on strict discipline.

15. He has just written this computer program.

Ответы:

1. They teach three foreign languages at this school. - Three foreign languages are taught at this school.

2. We received this letter after his departure. - This letter was received after his departure.

3. Have dogs ever attacked you? - Have you ever been attacked by dogs?

4. Bees gather honey from flowers. - Honey is gathered from flowers by bees.

5. The storm drove the ship against a rock. - The ship was driven against a rock.

6. Who discovered the circulation of blood? - Whom was the circulation of blood discovered by?

7. They are selling delicious fruit ice cream there now. - Delicious fruit ice cream is being sold there now.

8. The old man showed us the way out of the wood. - We were shown the way out of the wood (by the old man).

9. They offered her some interesting work. - She was offered some interesting work.

10. The doctor prescribed her new medicine. - She was prescribed new medicine.

11. They don’t think much of him. - He is not much thought of.

12. Everybody laughed at this funny animal. - This funny animal was laughed at by everybody.

13. We have been looking for you the whole morning. - You have been looked for the whole morning.

14. We shall insist on strict discipline. - Strict discipline will be insisted on.

15. He has just written this computer program. - This computer program has just been written.

Упражнение 2.

Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice , обращая внимание на место предлога.

We speak very highly of her. - She is very highly spoken of.

1. The senior students laughed at the freshman.

2. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday.

3. These young mothers looked after their babies with great care.

4. Nobody lived in that old house.

5. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.

6. We thought about our friend all the time.

7. The doctor will operate on him in a week.

8. The teacher sent for the pupil’s parents.

9. They looked for the newspaper everywhere.

10. Nobody slept in the bed.

11. The neighbour asked for the telegram.

12. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.

13. They often talk about the weather.

Ответы:

1. The freshman was laughed at.

2. The headmistress was spoken to yesterday.

3. The babies were looked after with great care.

4. That old house was not lived in.

5. Jim was sent for and told to prepare a report on that subject.

6. Our friend was thought about all the time.

7. He will be operated on in a week.

8. The pupil’s parents were sent for.

9. The newspaper was looked for everywhere.

10. The bed was not slept in.

11. The telegram was asked for.

12. The lecturer was listened to with great attention.

13. The weather is often talked about.

Упражнение 3.

Переделайте предложения в пассив.

1. They looked for the girl everywhere. 2. They did not listen to the boy. 3. She looks after the patients well. 4. They asked for our address. 5. My father looked through these papers this morning. 6. He will give my brother English lessons. 7. Afriend of his has shown me an interesting magazine. 8. His friend told him everything. 9. The students greeted the famous lecturer warmly. 10. They have recently built a huge plant in the town of N. 11. We must finish the work by tomorrow. 12. When I fell ill, my mother sent for the doctor. 13. They showed Helen the nearest way to the theatre. 14. He gave his patient some good advice. 15. Mary has told me the news. 16. The people looked at the little boy with interest. 17. They examined the paper attentively. 18. Mother is teaching her daughter to cook now.

Ответы:

1. The girl was looked for everywhere. 2. The boy was not listened to. 3. The patients are looked after well. 4. Our address was asked for. 5. These papers were looked through this morning. 6. My brother will be given English lessons. 7. I have been shown an interesting magazine. 8. He was told everything (by his friend). 9. The famous lecturer was warmly greeted by the students. 10. A huge plant has recently been built in the town of N. 11. The work must be finished by tomorrow. 12. When I fell ill, the doctor was sent for. 13. Helen was shown the nearest way to the theatre. 14. His patient was given some good advice. 15. I have been told the news (by Mary). 16. The little boy was looked at with interest. 17. The paper was examined attentively. 18. Her daughter is being taught to cook now.

Упражнение 4.

Переведите предложения на английский.

1. Все телеграммы отправлены? - Нет еще, половина телеграмм отправлена вчера. Остальные, кроме трех, напечатаны. Последние сейчас печатают. Их напечатают минут через двадцать.

2. Много домов было разрушено в Киеве во время войны; большинство из них восстановлено, и много новых строится сейчас.

3. Когда журналист приехал в Ташкент после землетрясения, там восстанавливалось много школ и других общественных зданий. Сейчас Ташкент - город с широкими зелеными улицами, жилыми кварталами, с общественными зданиями, современными магазинами. Они были построены за последние 20 лет.

4. Переговоры все еще ведутся? - Как сообщается в печати, они подходят к концу. Но соглашение еще не достигнуто до сих пор.

5. На эту книгу сейчас большой спрос. Но если вы хотите купить ее, идите в книжный магазин. Она сейчас там продается.

6. Не входите в комнату. Сейчас экзаменуют студента Петрова. Его экзаменуют уже 20 минут.

7. Что происходит в библиотеке? - Там сейчас обсуждаются новые книги. Их обсуждают уже час.

8. Преподаватель попросил студента выучить это правило самостоятельно, так как оно было уже объяснено. «Вы были невнимательны, когда это правило объяснялось»,- сказал он.

9. Мой отец родился в 1926 году. Ему было 17 лет, когда он добровольцем ушел в армию в 1943 году. Его несколько раз награждали
за храбрость. Он был ранен и долго лечился после войны. Война оставила след в жизни каждой семьи. Брат моей матери был убит на фронте.

Ответы:

1. Have all the telcgrammes been sent off? - Not yet. Half o f the telegrammes were sent off yesterday. The rest o f them, except three, have
been typed. The last ones are being typed now. They will be typed in twenty minutes.

2. Many houses were destroyed in Kiev during the war, most of them have been rebuilt and many new ones are being built now.

3. When the reporter came to Tachkent after the earhquake many schools and other public facilities were being rebuilt. Today Tashkent is a city with broad green streets, blocks o f flats, office buildings and modem shops. They have been built over the past twenty years.

4. Are the negotiations still being conducted? - According to the press they are coming to an end. No agreement has been reached so far.

5. This book is now in great demand. But if you want to buy it, go to the bookshop. It’s being sold there now.

6 . Don’t enter the room. Student Petrov is being examined now. He has been examined for twenty minutes.

7. What’s happening in the library now? - New books are being discussed. They have been discussed for an hour.

8. The teacher asked the student to learn the rule by himself as it has already been explained. ’’You were not attentive when this rule was being explained”, he said.

9. My father was bom in 1926. He was seventeen when he volunteered for the army in 1943. He was awarded several times for bravery. He was wounded and went through a long recovery after the war. The war has left a mark in the life o f every family. My mother’s brother was killed in action.

Упражнение 5.

Вставьте глаголы в пассиве.

Come in and have your milk. It (to keep) hot for you long. - It has been hot for you long.

1. This room (not use) last year.
2. The children are very excited this morning, They (take) to the theatre tonight.
3. My keys (return) to me. They (pick up) in the street.
4. Bicycles must not (leave) in the hall.
5. He (take) to hospital tomorrow and (operate on) the day after tomorrow.
6. There was nobody on the road, but the girl was afraid. She thought she (follow).
7. Your dress is dirty. It must (clean).

Ответы:

Упражнение 6.

Преобразуйте предложения из активного залога в пассивный.

1. They are now building new hospitals in the provinces.
2. Will they publish her new novel next year?
3. They will have completed the new petrol station by winter.
4. The police have just arrested Jimmy on suspicion of murder.
5. They cut the gas off because Mr. and Mrs. Green hadn’t paid their bill.
6. They will open a new hotel next week.
7. Our managers discuss important matters every Tuesday.
8. The government closed the plant last year.

Ответы:

1. New hospitals are now being built in the provinces.
2. Will her new novel be published next year?
3. The new petrol station will have been completed by winter.
4. Jimmy has just been arrested on suspicion of murder.
5. The gas was cut off because the bill hadn’t been paid by Mr. and Mrs. Green.
6. A new hotel will be opened next week.
7. Important matters are discussed (by our managers) every Tuesday.
8. The plant was closed last year.

В рубрике «Упражнения» мы предлагаем вам короткие задания-ситуации для закрепления грамматических структур в говорении. Сегодня разберем Passive Voice.
Для правильного использования Passive Voice студентам необходимо достаточно практики в безопасном окружении (gap filling, choosing the correct variant, correct the mistakes) и в говорении. Студенты не часто пользуются Passive Voice в своей речи, но он необходим для формальных ситуаций, писем, сдачи экзаменов.

Famous people: Past Simple Passive

Цель – составить предложения с использованием Past Simple пассивного залога и догадаться о каком известном изобретении или открытии идёт речь.
Подготовьте названия самых известных изобретений, открытий, шедевров в различных отраслях. Попросите студента продолжить этот список.
Например, Don Quixote, psychoanalysis, Mona Lisa, television, Swan Lake, gravity. the telephone, Star Wars, evolution.
Задание для студента – Make the sentences for the following words but don’t say the word itself. Let the teacher (other students) guess what thing you are talking about.
Student: It was discovered by Marie Curie.
Teacher (student B): Radioactivity!
Затем студенты (или студент и преподаватель) меняется ролями.

Burglary: Present Perfect Passive

Цель – описать результат действий,используя пассивный залог.
Задание для студента:
You are a police officer who should make a report
of what he sees: “All the drawers have been opened”.

Если у студента небольшой словарный запас, то лучше дать опорные слова.
Verbs to use:
to smash to break to turn upside down to stain
Можно добавить названия предметов в список.
Вариация этого задания - описание города.
Задание для студента - Imagine that you returned to your city after many years and local government made some changes to the city.
Example, A new shopping mall has been built in the city centre. All the factories have been demolished.
Можно найти картинку развивающегося мегаполиса. Или одну картинку маленького города и этот же город через 20 лет.

Green worries: Present Continuous Passive

Уровни – pre-intermediate – upper-intermediate

Задание для студента – You are at the conference on environmental issues. Report about the problems using Present Continuous Passive.
Example: The climate is being affected because…
Чтобы помочь студенту с идеями, можно составить коллаж из нескольких картинок. Чем выше уровень студента, тем более развёрнутый отчёт должен быть.
Можно использовать социальные проблемы: Problems in the city (pollution, traffic jams, beggars), Agriculture.

Selling a package holiday: Future Simple passive

Уровни – pre-intermediate – intermediate

Цель - организовать монолог или диалог с использованием Future Simple пассивного залога.
Задание для студента - You have a luxury package that you want to sell to a tourist.
For example, Our package holiday is in Hawaii. You will be met at the airport by our representative and taken to your hotel.
Если студент слабоват, можно дать опорные предложения:

• You will be met
• You will be taken
• Your meals will be prepared
• You are invited

Дайте время подготовится и поставьте лимит времени. Желательно, чтобы студент презентовал вам тур не менее 1- 2 минут. Преподаватель может подыграть сложного клиента.

Said around the world: Present and Past Simple Passive

Уровни – pre-intermediate – upper-intermediate

Цель - используя пословицы, продемонстрировать употребление пассивного залога в разных контекстах и организовать дополнительную разговорную практику.

Задание для студента –
Read the proverbs. What do you think they mean? Do you agree?
Example: Rome wasn’t build in a day.
Student: I think that it means that big projects aren’t finished quickly. They take a lot of time and you need to be patient.

List of possible proverbs:

• He who was bitten by a snake avoids tall grass (Chinese)
• Silence was never written down (Italian)
• Stars are not seen by sunshine (Spanish)
• Skillful sailors weren’t made by smooth seas (Ethiopian)
• The road to hell is paved with good intentions.
• Great trees are envied by the wind (Japanese)

1. Поставьте глагол в форму пассивного залога прошедшего времени.

1. Jack ... (examine) by the doctor. (Джека осмотрел доктор.)
2. The teapot ... (break) last week. (Чайник был разбит на прошлой неделе.)
3. The letters ... (hand) to Doctor Loyds. (Письма были вручены доктору Лойдс.)
4. The girl ... (frighten) by homeless dogs. (Девочку напугали бездомные собаки.)
5. This novel ... (not translate). (Этот роман не был переведен.)
6. We ... (not invite) to Andrew’s party. (Нас не пригласили на вечеринку у Эндрю.)

2. Измените предложения в действительном залоге на страдательный.

Например: We sent for the doctor. (Мы послали за доктором.) – The doctor was sent for. (За доктором послали.)

1. The earthquake ruined a lot of villages. (Землетрясение разрушило много деревень.)
2. Mother was cooking fantastic dinner. (Мама готовила фантастический ужин.)
3. Somebody had stolen their car. (Кто-то украл их машину.)
4. The secretary was typing the documents. (Секретарь печатала документы.)
5. Sam had already painted the self-portrait. (Сэм уже написал автопортрет.)
6. Kirsty bought these cushions in China. (Керсти купила эти подушки в Китае.)

3. Составьте по два предложения в пассивном залоге.

Например: We told her the news. (Мы рассказали ей новость.) – She was told the news. (Ей рассказали новость.), The news was told to her. (Новость была рассказана ей.)

1. They gave me an Italian book. (Они дали мне итальянскую книгу.)
2. He was showing us his new house. (Он показывал нам свой новый дом.)
3. The waiter had served him a beef steak. (Официант подал ему говяжий стейк.)
4. President promised his people prosperity. (Президент пообещал своему народу процветание.)
5. Ross had taught Mary English grammar. (Мистер Росс обучил Мэри английской грамматике.)

4. Составьте вопросительные предложения, начиная с предложенных слов.

1. Megan had been advised to wear contact lenses. (Меган посоветовали носить контактные линзы.) Why ... ? What ... ?
2. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell. (Телефон был изобретен Александром Бэлл.) Who ... by? When ... ?
3. The dogs were being trained by a policeman. (Собак тренировал полицейский.) Where ... ? How many dogs ... ?
4. French textbooks had been packed for the library. (Французские учебники были упакованы для библиотеки.) What kind of books ... ?

Ответы:

1. was examined
2. was broken
3. were handed
4. was frightened
5. wasn’t translated
6. were not invited

1. A lot of villages were ruined by the earthquake.
2. Fantastic dinner was being cooked .
3. Their car had been stolen .
4. The documents were being typed by the secretary.
5. The self-portrait had already been painted .
6. These cushions were bought by Kirsty in China.

1. I was given an Italian book. An Italian book was given to me.
2. We were being shown the new house. The new house was being shown to us.
3. He had been served a beef steak. A beef steak had been served to him.
4. Prosperity was promised by president. The people were promised prosperity.
5. Mary had been taught English grammar by Mr. Ross. English grammar had been taught to Mary by Mr. Ross.